Method and system to distribute policies

ABSTRACT

A method to distribute policies may include transmitting one of an identification (ID) assigned to a policy template or the policy template associated with each policy to an enforcement point or selected enforcement points for enforcement. The method may also include transmitting one set of parameters to be used in each policy template to the enforcement point.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to policies for software applications,network management, e-commerce or business and the like, and moreparticularly to a system and method to distribute policies or the like.

Policies may be defined or developed to control software applications,network management, e-commerce or business or similar communication ordata processing activities. Such policies may include “if-then” clausesor similar statements or definitions. An example of one policy may be“if some precondition, then perform some predefined action, or set somevalue or the like.” In another example, the policy may be “if someprecondition and some other precondition or preconditions, then performsome predefined action, set some value or the like.” Policies can have atypical lifecycle. Over time, policies may be updated to meet changingconditions or needs or may become outdated and deleted or changed to newpolicies. Efficiently defining, storing, distributing and enforcingpolicies can be a challenge. Under some circumstances only minor changesor selected parameters or values used in a policy or related group ofpolices may need to be changed. Defining an entirely new policy or setof policies, storing the entirely new policy or policies, distributingthe policies to all enforcement points and making adjustments at each ofthe enforcement points to implement and enforce the policies may beburdensome, time consuming and involve inefficient use of limited dataprocessing, storage and communication resources.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method todistribute policies may include transmitting one of an identification(ID) assigned to a policy template or the policy template associatedwith each policy to an enforcement point or selected enforcement pointsfor enforcement or implementation. Only the ID rather than the entiretemplate need be transmitted to the enforcement point if the enforcementpoint already has the template. The method may also include transmittingone set of parameters or variable values to be used in each policytemplate to the enforcement point or selected enforcement points.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a methodto distribute policies may include defining a policy template associatedwith each policy. A unique identification (ID) may be assigned to eachpolicy template and the policy template and ID may be stored. One of theassigned ID or the policy template for each policy to be enforced orimplemented may be transmitted to each enforcement point intended toenforce the policy. The assigned ID rather than the entire template maybe transmitted if the enforcement point already has the policy template.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a systemto distribute policies may include a policy administrator to definepolicy templates and to transmit one of an ID assigned to a policytemplate or the policy template associated with each policy to beenforced. An enforcement point may receive the ID assigned to the policytemplate or the template for each policy to be enforced. The enforcementpoint may then enforce or implement the policy.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a systemto distribute policies may include means for defining a policy templateassociated with each policy. The system may also include means forassigning a unique ID to each policy template. A repository or similarstorage device may store each policy template and assigned ID. Thesystem may further include means for transmitting the assigned ID to anenforcement point, if the enforcement point already has the policytemplate. In another embodiment, the policy template for each policy tobe enforced may be transmitted. An enforcement point may receive theassigned ID or policy template for each policy to implement or enforcethe policy.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, acomputer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions forperforming a method may include defining a policy template associatedwith each policy. The method may also include assigning a unique ID toeach policy template. The assigned ID rather than the complete policytemplate may be transmitted to the enforcement point for each policy tobe enforced, if the enforcement point already has the template. Inanother embodiment, the policy template may be transmitted to theenforcement point for enforcement, particularly if the enforcement pointdoes not have the template.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method to define and store a policy templatein accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method to distribute policies in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method to distribute policies in accordancewith another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a example of a system to distribute policies in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description of preferred embodiments refers tothe accompanying drawings which illustrate specific embodiments of theinvention. Other embodiments having different structures and operationsdo not depart from the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method 100 to define and store a policytemplate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Inblock 102 a policy template associated with each policy may be defined.The policy template may be defined by a policy administrator or the likeas described in more detail with respect to FIG. 4. The policy templatemay be defined or formed as a structured document. For example, thepolicy template may be formed in a mark-up language, such as extensiblemark-up language (XML) or the like. An example of a policy documentincluding policy templates in XML may be:

<PolicyDocument> <HeaderInformation> <Policy> <precondition> if clause</precondition> <decision> then clause </decision> </Policy> . . .<Policy> . . . </Policy> </PolicyDocument>

Accordingly, the template may be in the form of an “if-then” clause orsimilar clause or statement, “if some pre-condition or preconditions,then some decision is made.” The decision may be to perform some action,set a value or some other action or inaction. For example a template inXML may take the form, “if <shift> and <customer level> then <responsetime goal>,” where “shift” might, for example, take legal values,“first”, “second” and “third”; “customer level” might take “gold”,“silver” and “bronze”; and “response time goal” might take “100 ms”,“500 ms”, or “1000 ms”. Shift, customer level and response time goal maybe referred to as parameters, variables or values that can be specifiedand changed from time to time to update the template and associatedpolicy. As will be described in more detail herein, the templates andparameters may be transmitted separately for more efficiency and toreduce transmission costs by factoring the templates and parameters ordata to be used in the templates. Different parameters may betransmitted from time to time without the need of transmitting thetemplates again thus increasing efficiency and reducing costs.

In block 104, a unique identification (ID) may be assigned to eachpolicy template. The ID may be a serial number or a more descriptiveidentification of the template. As will be discussed in more detailherein, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the ID maybe transmitted rather than the complete policy template for efficiencyand to reduce transmission costs and the use of limited data processingand communication resources.

In block 106, the policy template and its assigned ID associated witheach policy may be stored in a repository or other data storage deviceor source. The policy templates may be indexed in the repository bytheir respective IDs.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method 200 to distribute policies inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The method of200 may be a follow-on or continuation of the method 100 of FIG. 1. Thepolicy templates may be defined and stored in blocks 102 and 106 atdifferent times and then distributed in method 200 at other times. Inblock 202, at least one set of parameters, variables, values or the liketo be associated with each policy template may be identified or definedby a policy administrator or the like, or parameters may be identifiedor defined to be associated with a selected policy template. Theparameters will be substituted or bound into the policy template forenforcement of the policy at an enforcement point. The parameters may bepreconditions, values that are set if one or more preconditions are met,an operation to be performed if one or more preconditions are met or thelike. Each parameter or set of parameters may be identified by name andtype of parameter. Examples of types of parameters may include aprecondition, a value, type of operation or function or the like. Eachparameter or set of parameters may also be stored by the name and typeof parameter or set of parameters. The parameters may be updated orchanged from time to time in a selected policy template.

In block 204, a policy template ID may be transmitted by a policyadministrator or the like to an enforcement point or to selectedenforcement points for each policy to be enforced by the enforcementpoint or selected enforcement points. In block 206, the one set ofparameters to be used in each associated policy template may betransmitted by the policy administrator to the respective enforcementpoints. In block 208, each enforcement point may determine if the policytemplate corresponding to each received template ID is present or storedat the enforcement point. If the policy template is available at theenforcement point, the method 200 may advance to block 216 and theenforcement point may substitute or bind the parameters to eachassociated policy template for enforcement. If the policy template isnot present or stored at the enforcement point, the method 200 mayadvance to block 210. In block 210, the enforcement point may transmit aquery to a repository or the like, where policy templates are stored ormaintained. The query may be sent in response to each policy templatecorresponding to any IDs transmitted to the enforcement point that arenot present or stored at the enforcement point. In block 212, any policytemplates may be transmitted to the enforcement point in response to thequery including any IDs assigned to the transmitted policy templates.Asynchronous, out-of-band communication or signaling may be applied orused to transmit queries and any policy templates. Compression may alsobe used to transmit templates and parameters to conserve communicationresources. Any type of data compression and decompression techniques maybe used, such as Lempel-Ziv (LZ) compression or the like. Templates mayalso be grouped for efficient distribution and for transactionaldistribution.

In block 214, the enforcement point may store the template. Theenforcement point may also store the parameters associated with thetemplate or to be used in the template. Each parameter or set ofparameters may be stored by an associated name and type of parameter orset of parameters. In block 216, the enforcement point may bind orsubstitute the parameters into the associated template. In block 218,the enforcement point may begin implementing or enforcing the policyassociated with the template.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method 300 to distribute policies inaccordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Method 300is similar to method 200 of FIG. 2 except the template itself may betransmitted to the enforcement point rather than the ID. Alternatively,both the ID and the template may be transmitted to the enforcement pointor points. In block 302, at least one set of parameters may beidentified or defined to be associated with each policy template. Aspreviously discussed, each parameter or set of parameters may beidentified and stored by a name or identification and a type ofparameter. In block 304, a policy template may be transmitted to eachenforcement point for each policy to be enforced by the respectiveenforcement points. Each policy template may be compressed using datacompression techniques or algorithms prior to transmission to eachenforcement point. In block 306 one set of parameters to be used in eachassociated policy template for enforcement may be transmitted to eachenforcement point enforcing the policy associated with each template.

In block 308, a determination may be made if the enforcement pointalready has the policy template. If the policy template is present orstored at the enforcement point, the method 300 may advance to block312. If the transmitted policy template is not currently available orstored at the enforcement point, the enforcement point may store the newtemplate in block 310 before the method advances to block 312. In block312, the enforcement point may bind the parameters to the associatedtemplate. In block 314, the enforcement point may begin implementing orenforcing the policy corresponding to the policy template.

FIG. 4 is an example of a system 400 to distribute policies inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Elements of themethods 100, 200 and 300 of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, respectively, may beembodied in and performed by the system 400. The system 400 may includeone or more policy administrators 402 and one or more enforcement points404. Each policy administrator 402 may include a processor 406, one ormore input devices 408 and one or more output devices 410. The processor406, input devices 408 and output devices 410 may facilitate definingpolicy templates 412 and assigning an ID 414 to each policy template412. The processor 406, input devices 408 and output devices 410 mayalso facilitate transmitting one of the ID 414 or the policy template412 associated with each policy to be enforced to the respectiveenforcement points 404 enforcing the policy. The processor 406, inputdevices 408 and output devices 410 may further facilitate identifying ordefining parameters 416 or sets of parameters 416 associated with eachtemplate 410. The input devices 408 may include a keyboard, pointingdevice, voice recognition system or the like. The input devices 408 mayalso include optical, magnetic, infrared or radio frequency inputdevices or combination input/output devices, such as disk drives or thelike. The input devices 408 may receive read or download software,computer-executable or readable instructions or the like, such assoftware 418 that may embody elements of the methods 100, 200 and 300.The software 418 may be downloaded from a communication network, systemor medium, such as network or medium 420. The communication network 420or medium may be any communication system including by way of example,dedicated communication lines, telephone networks, wireless datatransmission systems, two-way cable systems, customized computernetworks, interactive kiosk networks, the Internet or the like. Thesystem or medium 420 may also be or form part of a communicationchannel, memory or similar devices.

The output devices 410 may include a display or monitor, printer, audiosystem or the like. The output devices 410 may also be coupled to acommunication system, network or medium, such as the network or medium420. The processor 406 may also include a browser 414 or the like tofacilitate accessing the network or medium 420.

Each enforcement point 404 may include a processor 424, one or moreinput devices 426 and one or more output devices 428. The processor 424,input devices 426 and output devices 428 may facilitate the enforcementpoint 404 receiving the ID 414 assigned to the policy template 412 orthe policy template 412 itself for each policy to be enforced by theenforcement point 404. The processor 424, input devices 426 and outputdevices 428 may be similar to the processor 406, input devices 408 andoutput devices 410 of each policy administrator 402. The enforcementpoint processor 424 may also include software 430, computer-readable orcomputer-executable instructions or the like that may embody elements ofthe methods 200 and 300 of FIGS. 2 and 3. Each enforcement point 404 mayalso include a browser 432 or the like to facilitate access to thecommunication network or medium 420. Each enforcement point 404 may alsoinclude a data source 434 that may store each policy template 412 andthe associated or assigned ID 414 for enforcement of the policycorresponding to the template 412 by the enforcement point 404. The datasource 434 may also parameters 416 bound to the template 412.

The system 400 may also include a repository 436 to store the policytemplates 412 and IDs 414 assigned to each policy template 412. Therepository 436 may also store parameters 416 or sets of parameters 416associated with each policy template 412. As previously described, anenforcement point 404 may form and transmit a query in response to eachpolicy template 412 corresponding to any IDs 414 transmitted by a policyadministrator 402 not being present or stored at the enforcement point404. The enforcement point 404 and repository 436 may applyasynchronous, out-of-band communication to transmit the query and anypolicy templates 412 corresponding to the query. The repository 436 mayalso include software and hardware to compress each policy template 412before transmission to the enforcement point 404 to conserve resources.Alternatively, the policy templates 412 may be stored in a compressedformat to further conserve resources.

The system 400 may also include a server 438, processor or the like tointerface between each of the policy administrators 402, enforcementpoints 404 and repository 436. The server 438 may include software 440,computer-executable or computer-readable instructions or the like foroperation of the system 400 in storing and distributing policy templates412 and associated parameters 416 as described herein.

Elements of the present invention, such as methods 100, 200 and 300 ofFIGS. 1, 2 and 3, respectively may be embodied in hardware and/orsoftware as a computer program code that may include firmware, residentsoftware, microcode or the like. Additionally, elements of the inventionmay take the form of a computer program product on a computer-usable orcomputer-readable storage medium having computer-usable orcomputer-readable program code embodied in the medium for use by or inconnection with a system, such as system 400 of FIG. 4. Examples of sucha medium may be illustrated in FIG. 4 as input devices 408 and 426 ornetwork 420. A computer-usable or readable medium may be any medium thatmay contain, store, communicate or transport the program for use by orin connection with a system, such as system 400. The medium, forexample, may be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic,infrared or semiconductor system or the like. The medium may also besimply a stream of information being retrieved when the computer programproduct is “downloaded” through a network, such as network 420, theInternet or the like. The computer-usable or readable medium could alsobe paper or another suitable medium upon which the program may beprinted.

Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and describedherein, those of ordinary skill in the art appreciate that anyarrangement which is calculated to achieve the same purpose may besubstituted for the specific embodiments shown and that the inventionhas other applications in other environments. This application isintended to cover any adaptations or variations of the presentinvention. The following claims are in no way intended to limit thescope of the invention to the specific embodiments described herein.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method to distribute policies, comprising: determining if a policy template is present at an enforcement point in response to receiving an identification (ID) assigned to the policy template at the enforcement point, wherein the policy template includes a form of “if a first parameter then a second parameter”, the policy template and the parameters being transmitted separately to reduce use of communication resources by factoring the template and parameters to be used in the template and to permit different parameters to be transmitted from time to time to replace previous parameters in the policy template without the need of transmitting the entire policy template again to further reduce use of communication resources; transmitting a query from the enforcement point to a repository, where policy templates are stored, in response to the policy template not being present at the enforcement point, wherein the query includes the ID assigned to the policy template; receiving the policy template at the enforcement point, wherein the policy template is transmitted by the repository in response to the query; and receiving a set of parameters to be used in the policy template at the enforcement point, wherein the set of parameters are transmitted separately from the policy template.
 2. The method of claim 1, binding the parameters to the policy template.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising implementing the policy associated with the policy template.
 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying asynchronous, out-of-band communication to transmit the query and any policy templates.
 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising compressing the policy template before transmitting to the enforcement point or any selected enforcement points.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the policy template in a structured document.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the policy template in a mark-up language.
 8. A method to distribute policies, comprising: defining a policy template associated with each policy, wherein the policy template includes a form of “if a first parameter then a second parameter”, the policy template and the parameters being transmitted separately to reduce use of communication resources by factoring the template and parameters to be used in the template and to permit different parameters to be transmitted from time to time to replace previous parameters in the policy template to change the policy associated with the policy template without the need of transmitting the entire policy or policy template again to further reduce use of communication resources; assigning a unique identification (ID) to each policy template; storing each policy template and assigned ID; transmitting only the assigned ID to an enforcement point for each policy to be enforced by the enforcement point, wherein only the ID is transmitted to the enforcement point rather than the policy template to substantially minimize use of data processing and communication resources; determining if the policy template corresponding to any transmitted ID is present at the enforcement point; transmitting a query to a policy template repository in response to the policy template corresponding to any transmitted ID not being, present at the enforcement point, wherein the query includes the ID for any policy template not present at the enforcement point; and transmitting the policy template from the policy template repository to the enforcement point in response to the query including the ID for the policy template.
 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising identifying at least one set of parameters to be associated with each policy template.
 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising transmitting the one set of parameters to be used in each associated policy template for enforcement to the enforcement point.
 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising binding the parameters to each associated template.
 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising implementing the policy associated with each policy template.
 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising storing each one of the at least one set of parameters by name and type.
 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising applying asynchronous, out-of-band communication to query the repository and transmit any templates.
 15. The method of claim 8, further comprising compressing each template before transmitting to the enforcement point.
 16. The method of claim 8, further comprising compressing each template before transmitting to the enforcement point.
 17. The method of claim 8, further comprising forming each policy template in a structured document.
 18. The method of claim 8, further comprising forming each policy template in a mark-up language.
 19. A system to distribute policies, comprising: a policy administrator to define policy templates and to transmit one of an identification (ID) assigned to a policy template or the policy template associated with each policy to be enforced, wherein each policy template includes a form of “if a first parameter then a second parameter”, each policy template and associated parameters being transmitted separately to reduce use of communication resources by factoring the template and associated parameters to be used in the template and to permit different parameters to be transmitted from time to time to replace previous parameters in the policy template without the need of transmitting the entire policy template again to further reduce use of communication resources; an enforcement point to receive the ID assigned to the policy template or the policy template for each policy and to enforce each policy; and a storage device to store each policy template and assigned ID, wherein the enforcement point determines if the policy template is present at the enforcement point in response to receiving the ID assigned to the policy template and transmits a query to the repository in response to the policy template not being present at the enforcement point.
 20. The system of claim 19, wherein each policy administrator comprises a processor to transmit one of the ID assigned to the policy template or the policy template associated with each policy.
 21. The system of claim 19, wherein each enforcement point comprises: a processor to receive the IDs assigned to each policy template; and a data source to store each policy template for enforcement and assigned ID, wherein the processor forms and transmits the query in response to each policy template corresponding to any transmitted IDs not present in the data source.
 22. The system of claim 19, further comprising a server to interface between each policy administrator, each enforcement point and the repository.
 23. A system to distribute policies, comprising: processor means for defining a policy template associated with each policy, wherein the policy template includes a form of “if a first parameter then a second parameter”, the policy template and the parameters being transmitted separately to reduce use of communication resources by factoring the template and parameters to be used in the template and to permit different parameters to be transmitted from time to time to replace previous parameters in the policy template without the need of transmitting the entire policy template again to further reduce use of communication resources; the processor means assigning a unique identification (ID) to each policy template; a storage device to store each policy template and assigned ID; transmitter means for transmitting one of the assigned ID or the policy template for each policy to be enforced; an enforcement point to receive the assigned ID or the policy template for each policy and to enforce each policy; and the transmitter means transmitting a query to a policy template repository in response to each policy template corresponding to any transmitted IDs not being present at the enforcement point, wherein the query includes any transmitted IDs for any policy templates not present at the enforcement point.
 24. The system of claim 23, further comprising means for binding parameters to each associated policy template for enforcement.
 25. The system of claim 23, further comprising means for transmitting any policy templates to the enforcement point in response to the query from the enforcement point including any IDs assigned to the policy templates.
 26. The system of claim 25, further comprising means for applying asynchronous, out-of-band communication to transmit the query and any policy templates.
 27. The system of claim 25, further comprising means for compressing each policy template before transmission to the enforcement point.
 28. The system of claim 23, further comprising means for forming each policy template in a structured document. 